Zoom Fft free essay sample

A Seminar Report On ZOOM FFT Submitted In incomplete satisfaction For the honor of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology Applied Electronics amp; Instrumentation In Department of Electronics amp; Communication Engineering Submitted To: Submitted By Mr. Raj Kumar Jain Krishan Gopal Bansal HOD Enrollment No: 9E1CIAIM40P021 Department of Electronics amp; Communication Engineering CompuCom Institute of Information Technology amp; Management Rajasthan Technical University, Kota April 2013 Acknowledgment The course has been a one of a kind encounter for me rather than standard and transient exercise. It has jump to new field of securing information and learning. As a matter of first importance I wish to communicate my true gratitude to the Rajasthan Technical University, Kota. This presents the plan of giving workshop to specialized understudy during for Technical understudy during the 4-year course of B. Tech. With the extreme improvement of innovation amp; rapid industrializations of the nation I see myself as to lucky to have experienced class on zoom FFT Techniques in Blood Flow Analysis. We will compose a custom article test on Zoom Fft or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I am appreciative to Mr. Manvendra Singh amp; Mr. Dilip Tiwari sir or other concerned Person for their direction, steady consolation; solid help amp; kind assistance of Understand numerous specialized viewpoints in my preparation period. My generously on account of Mr. Raj Kumar Jain ,HOD (Electronics amp; Communication Department) and of CIITM, JAIPUR for all sort of assist they with having allowed without which the course would have not been conceivable. Krishan Gopal Bansal Enrollment No: 9E1CIAIM40P021 PREFACE The class is a fundamental necessity for a designing understudy. The understudy needs to give the workshop for the pre depicted period according to the college standards. The reason for workshop is to assist the understudy with gaining mechanical experience. Additionally, with respect to the utility of class concerning, it very well may be said that understudy gets an open door during his preparation to suggest the hypothetical information in the field work and to clear the troubles in a superior manner. In the year 2013, in my eighth semester, I give my course on ZOOM FFT Technique in Blood Flow Analysis under the direction of Mr. Manvendra Singh. Guided BySubmitted By Mr. Manvendra Singh Krishan Gopal Bansal Enrollment No: 9E1CIAIM40P021 Submitted To Mr. Raj Kumar Jain HOD (EC/AEI) ABSTRACT I give my workshop on zoom FFT strategies in Blood Flow investigation. As indicated by the standard of Rajasthan Technical University towards the satisfaction of four years degree course of B. Tech. The object of workshop in building field is to co-relate the hypothesis with pragmatic information and to make understudy acquainted with modern condition. I have been blessed to get class in such an industry which has been nonstop by ascending the stepping stool of advancement using the most recent innovation. Here I could get information ofâ various hardware which are tried amp; aligned in their venture. Substance Page No. Authentication I Affirmation ii Preferenceiii Abstract iv List of Figures vii Chapter 1: Introduction1 1. 1 Doppler Effect Phenomenon2 1. 2 Real Blood Flow Analysis4 Chapter 2: Down Sampling6 2. 1 Maintaining the Sampling Theorem Criterion6 2. 2 Down Sampling Process7 2. 3 Down Sampling by Rational Fraction7 Chapter 3: Blood Flow9 3. 1 Cell â€Tissue-Organ-System9 3. 2 Blood and Its Composition9 3. 3 The Mechanics of Blood Circulation9 3. 4 The Basics of Motion10 3. 5 Basic Ideas in Fluid Mechanics12 Chapter 4: Fast Fourier Transform14 4. 1 Definition and Speed15 Chapter 5: ZOOM FFT16 5. 1 Basic Principle of The Zoom FFT18 5. Zoom FFT Algorithm19 5. 3 Simulation Result25 5. 4 Advantages28 5. 5 Applications28 Conclusion29 References30 List of Figure NamePage No. 1. Doppler Effect3 2. Formal FFT4 3. Zoom FFT5 4. Ultrasonic Signal Path5 5. Blood stream chart with velocity12 6. Zoom FFT examination 117 7. Zoom FFT investigation 218 8. Schematic chart of the Zoom FFT process19 9. Advanced Mixing20 10. Z oom FFT Algorithm20 11. Hilbert Transform22 12. FFT of a wave with 2 frequencies23 13. Zoom FFT with different Wave form24 14. Reproduction results without zoom25 15. Reenactment results with zoom26 16. Reenactment results with zoom/without zoom and info signals27 Part 1 Introduction A sufficient blood stream flexibly is essential for all organs of the body. Examination of the blood stream discovers its significance in the findings of infections. There are numerous procedures for dissecting the blood stream. These methods are not reasonable by the needy individuals due to their high cost. So we have executed a procedure called Zoom-FFT. This method is basic and reasonable to recognize the blood coagulations and different illnesses. Human with his latent capacity attempts to get whichever is unexplored, investigated, and till now we are overseeing and succeeding utilizing some specialized ways. Similarly this is one of the investigations made for checking the intra subtleties of some particular articles utilizing ultrasound named SONOGRAPHY, which is utilized as an option in contrast to x-beam photography. In this paper, the strategy to zoom the picture or the filtered information utilizing zoom FFT has been talked about. It additionally discloses the calculation to get ZOOM FFT and how it very well may be gotten through reproduction. Ongoing experimentation and its applications, with nuts and bolts of ultrasound examining are additionally clarified. Here a particular application will be managed I. e. , ultrasonic blood stream analyzer utilizing ZOOM FFT. Blood stream examination is finished by passing a high recurrence ultrasonic wave in the veins through a transducer (transmitter) . The reflected sign; from the collector transducer has an alternate recurrence because of the Doppler guideline. This sign is passed to a DSP processor to discover the recurrence range. On account of the high recurrence of the ultrasonic wave, the goals of the recurrence range yield won't be acceptable. In this manner we go for cutting edge Zoom FFT strategy, wherein an exceptionally little recurrence change because of the coagulation arrangement can be gotten with a decent goals. It tends to be utilized to find the underlying nearness of a blood coagulation. These assignments must be accomplished with a solitary DSP chip all together for the framework to be both financially savvy and force productive and in this way broadly acknowledged. This course report proposes: 1. Investigation of Bio-clinical sign handling 2. Blending down the info sign to the base band recurrence utilizing Hilbert Transform 3. Finding the down inspecting utilizing the destruction procedure 4. Acquiring the range yield utilizing quick Fourier change 5. Recreation is finished by Matlab/C. 6. TMS320C5X/6X DSP processor does constant execution. SOUND IS A COMPRESSIONAL WAVE† Sounds at frequencies over the discernible range, to state over 20 KHz are Ultrasonic wave, in the megahertz extend. Above which are supersonic sound. 1. 1 DOPPLER EFFECT PHENOMENON A move in recurrence (f) of the wave will be relied upon because of the source and eyewitnesses movement comparative with one anothe r. In the event that the separation between them is diminished or expanded. That move in recurrence relies upon the speed of sound which additionally relies upon thickness of the medium, in which it spreads. At the point when a little item is arranged in the way of the sound wave, the wave will be opposed (dissipated). An immediate estimation of this speed will give valuable data about the dynamic property of the medium. The Velocity of sound in Blood is 1570 m/s. Seen speed is V’=V-V0 as far as recurrence (f), as a speed subordinate factor. Fp = f0 (V+V0)/V-Vs, for the two items moving towards. †(1) Fp = f0 (V-V0)/V+Vs, for the two articles moving endlessly from one another. †(2) F0: Actual Frequency. Fp: Perceived Frequency. V: Velocity of Wave. Versus: Source Velocity. V0: Velocity of Observer. In this way we get the apparent recurrence proportionately changed regarding changes in estimating media. This procedure is clarified utilizing movement as beneath in FIG (1). Fig. 1 Doppler Effect The Doppler Effect can be disclosed as for pitch or frequency, since all are needy to one another. E. g. of Doppler Effect: Say, A vehicle passes you on the road blowing its horn at a recurrence of 440Hz, the entire way, As the vehicle approaches you, you will hear a pitch gt; 440Hz(in expanding request). After the vehicle passes you and drives from you, you will hear a pitch lower lt; 440Hz (in dropping request). â€Å"THIS CONCEPT IS APPLIED IN ULTRASOUND RANGE FOR HUMAN BLOOD FLOW ANALYSIS USING VELOCITY OF BLOOD† Steps included: Sound age: The ultrasonic sound is created utilizing the piezoelectric transducer. * Number of transducer may differ from 1 to many. * Narrow light emission is to be feed in. * Continuous method of activity with no coordinated exchanging is applied progressively to gauge Frequency and Amplitude * Doppler move examination for recurrence content is to be finis hed. * Creation of picture †to plot in 2 Dimension. * Display utilizing shading separation. 1. 2 REAL BLOOD FLOW ANALYSIS: In a Ultrasonic blood stream investigation, a light emission vitality is coordinated through a vein at a shallow point and its travel time is then estimated. Increasingly basic are the ultrasonic analyzers dependent on the Doppler standard. An oscillator, working at a recurrence of a few Mega Hertz, energizes a piezoelectric transducer. This transducer is coupled to the mass of an uncovered vein and sends a ultrasonic shaft with a recurrence F into the streaming blood. A little piece of the transmitted vitality is dispersed back and is gotten by a subsequent transducer masterminded inverse the first as appeared in. Fig. 2 Formal FFT Fig. 3 Zoom FFT Fig 4 Ultrasonic Signal Path Chapter 2 Down examining In signal processing,â down samplingâ (or sub examining) is the procedure ofâ reducing the inspecting rateâ of aâ signal. This is generally done to diminish theâ data rateâ or the size of the dat

Social Anthropology Paper Free Essays

If I somehow happened to look into the word ‘sociology’ the word reference would reveal to me that it’s the investigation of the turn of events, structure, and working of human culture. For a few, humanism can be a hard word to characterize, considering it can mean such a large number of various things dependent on how that specific individual ganders at it. Presently if you somehow managed to ask me what I think human science mearns, from the start I couldn’t truly let you know. We will compose a custom paper test on Social Anthropology Paper or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now When I had the opportunity to consider it I would more than likely state it is the investigation of why individuals are how they are and how that effects and is affected by our general surroundings. Around this equivalent time a year ago I was doing research for a lifelong undertaking. I didn’t know especially about human science and had no idea or goal of picking an occupation in that field for my undertaking. I was perusing through occupations however that had a high activity standpoint and unearthed Social Anthropology. I had never known about this vocation and didn’t truly realize what it implied. In the wake of accomplishing more research and â€Å"googling†, I understood that this activity comprised of the considerable number of things I had consistently been interested about. I never truly comprehended different social orders or why individuals carried on the manner in which they did. I know since human sciences has such a large number of a greater number of parts to it than its social part, however that is the fundamental motivation behind why I decided to do my undertaking on it. For a little while I figured I would really need to go to class to be an Anthropologist, yet outside impacts made me suspect something. My enthusiasm for social human studies is quite I wound up in this class. The way that history has an influence in it is an or more, since I love finding out about history too. Human science just sounded intriguing to me and there wasn’t much else I was keen on taking. Moreover, I took shortly about a portion of the more popular names in social human sciences, for example, Franz Boas, Ruth Benedict, Zora Neale Hurston, Lewis Henry Morgan, and Claude Levi-Strauss. They all added to the science in their own specific manners, affected by a few and impacting others. Boas is known as the â€Å"father of present day social anthropology†, while Levi-Strauss was known as the â€Å"founder of structuralism†, and Morgan being one of the more questionable anthropologists. Lewis Henry Morgan was among the couple of to be refered to by humanist Karl Marx and social researcher Friedrich Engel. Franz Boas was otherwise called the â€Å"father of American anthropology†. He was a coach to numerous extraordinary names in American human sciences. His works were exceptionally compelling, works, for example, The Mind of Primitive Man, Anthropology and Modern Life, and The Kwakiult Ethnography. As a little youngster Franz was permitted to have an independent perspective and do whatever him might feeling like doing. His enthusiasm for sciences just developed as he got more seasoned. He realized he needed to seek after human studies in the wake of traveling to the cold and getting interested with the individuals there. Claude Levi-Strauss was one of the more compelling anthropologists of the twentieth century. He did a ton of field work among crude clans and he believed that their lifestyle was not the slightest bit underneath the lifestyle of acculturated social orders. He was impacted by Marxism also. Structuralism concentrated on society and the individuals that make up that society, alongside their internal life. Levi-Strauss’ progressively significant works incorporates The Savage Mind, Structural Anthropology, and Tristes Tropiques. Along these lines, back to why I not, at this point thought going to class for human sciences was a decent suit for me. I was continually asked, â€Å"What would I do with a degree in human studies? † and to be straightforward I don’t feel that I am aggressive enough for what it might require. I learned nonetheless, that having a degree in humanities made the way for various occupations, for example, training, medicinal services, historical center curation, social work, worldwide turn of events, government, hierarchical brain science, non-benefit the board, advertising, distributing, and crime scene investigation. I may not seek after a degree in this field, yet I will consistently have an enthusiasm for it. Despite the fact that human sciences can be viewed as a part of humanism, there are ways that they contrast. The two of them manage the possibility that our conduct is molded by the individuals we encircle ourselves with and social customs. Anthropologists normally study non-Western social orders, for example, crude societies. Then again sociologists study present day Western social orders. Another distinction would be that anthropologists are bound to do member perception, while sociologists manage reviews. There are significant contrasts between the two, however their general objective of â€Å"peeling ack the layers† of social orders and societies are ssimilar. What does this all mean to me? I am just anticipating increasing more information in humanities and anticipate becoming familiar with humanism. In this class I would like to increase our very own superior comprehension government, due to its present state. I need to realize why change isn’t as simple as it mig ht appear. I might simply want to tune in and learn and conceivably increase some information that will thus make me a superior individual and permit me to be the change I need to see. Instructions to refer to Social Anthropology Paper, Papers

Choice and Freedom of the Human Spirit - Literature Essay Samples

. William Blake, in line with his standing as a Romantic and being both politically and ideologically a libertarian, can be seen in his ‘Songs of Innocence’ to express his views as to the superlative value of the freedom of the human spirit, by presenting a Utopia where individuals are free of oppression, institutionalized religion, and corrupt governmental authorities. Although, Blake can be seen in his ‘Songs of Innocence’ not only to present the importance of the freedom of the human spirit but of his ideas surrounding innocence, the relationship of humans with nature and protesting the abuse of children, too, as part of his conception of an idealized world. Blake, much like other Romantic poets such as Wordsworth, held children in high esteem due to their innocence, their freedom of the soul and of the imagination: this depiction of children being one way in which Blake champions the freedom of the human spirit within his ‘Songs of Innocence’. In linking imagery of the natural world with that of children, Blake demonstrates his ideas as to the freedom of the human spirit within children in line with his values as a Romantic of the sublimity and freedom within the pastoral world. In ‘The Ecchoing Green’, a harmony between children and nature can be seen as the children play ‘sports’ ‘on the Ecchoing Green’, with the color symbolism of ‘green’ hinting to nature as a whole rather than just one specific place, and the setting of the poem taking place in ‘Spring’ mirroring the youth of the children themselves, the positive lexical field throughout the poem such as the use of the words ‘merry’ and ‘happy’ giving the overall sense that Blake regards both children and the pastoral world in high regard. Blake can be seen to further compare the freedom and innocence of children with that of nature in ‘Holy Thursday’ through the simile where children can be seen to walk into St Paul’s Cathedral ‘like Thames waters flow’, and too in ‘The Lamb’ where the child narrator says to a lamb ‘I a child, and thou a lamb,/We are called by H is name’, the use of the collective pronoun ‘we’ drawing a comparison in the minds of the reader between the lamb, an often religious symbol for innocence and purity, and the child. As a social and political protest text, throughout ‘The Songs of Innocence’ Blake can be seen to juxtapose the freedom of the human spirit, particularly that of children, with the oppression and suppression faced by children in 18th century England, making the poems a form of criticism against child slavery and the corrupt education system of that time. Moreover, Blake frequently presents innocence as a form of freedom against constraints and self-consciousness leaving those with innocence, such as children, full of trust for those around them, placing them in a state of corruptible fragility and painting innocence as not wholly desirable, as such as state leaves the individual ignorant of the realities of the postlapsarian world and the possibility of future betrayal and exploitation. The vulnerability of innocence can be seen in ‘The Little Boy Lost’ as the boy is left alone and unprotected due to the obvious lack of concern for his care by his father, as ‘no father was there’ for the boy’s guidance, the description of the setting being that ‘the night was dark’ alluding to the boy’s lack of experience and his vulnerability to exploitation because of his innocence. Blake can be seen to further criticize the exploitation of children in ‘The Chimney Sweeper’ as he describes how the slavery of children as chimney sweepers keeps them restricted from freedom: the image of ‘coffins’ works as a metaphor for the restrictions of the children and the way they have had their livelihoods taken away from them by the corrupting influence of those in power; the depiction of the children sleeping in ‘soot’ criticizes not only the poor living conditions of the chimney sweepers but perhaps too the attempt of others to oppress them beyond resistance but the ultimate freedom of their spirit as the narrator later goes on to say ‘that the soot cannot spoil your white hair ’, lending to the ultimate freedom and goodness at the core of their existence. In his ‘Songs of Innocence’, Blake can be seen to criticize racial prejudices, holding the belief that in the eyes of God all races are equal and that the physical body is nothing more than a vessel for the metaphysical soul, which is far superior to the body itself. In this way, Blake can be seen to present the view of the soul, or human spirit, as having ultimate freedom whilst the body lends to restriction, and especially in case of racial minorities, suppression of the individual. In ‘The Little Black Boy’, Blake uses the color imagery of black and white to present the black child’s purity and goodness of soul by describing it as ‘white’, putting him on a level of equality with white children; moreover, Blake goes against the views of his contemporaries in a clear form of social protest as he employs the imagery of God’s love being in the form of sunbeams, leading to the accepting of God’s love making the individual beco me ‘sunburnt’, meaning that black children such as the narrator of the poem are more receptive than others of God’s love. Blake’s views on Christianity are crucial in analyzing his ‘Songs of Innocence’ as a social and political protest text, as during these poems he can be seen to illustrate his views as to the corruption of institutionalized religion and the teachings of contemporary Christianity during the Enlightenment period which taught people to accept present suffering and injustice due to the promise of bliss and the lack of suffering in the afterlife, along with the stressed idea of the ‘fall’ and the ‘fallen’ person who commits sin as a result of their ultimate freedom and the previous sins of Adam and Eve. This idea can be shown in ‘The Chimney Sweeper’ as the narrator (and too the other chimney sweeps) is presented as being an innocent, good Christian boy who is encouraged to accept his positi on of oppression, with the promise that ‘if all do their duty, they need not fear harm’, through which Blake can be seen to clearly criticize the view that those in positions of powerlessness and oppression should accept their mistreatment for there will be equality in the next world, an idea which a Marxist critique would point out as being another way for those higher up the power hierarchy to enforce their laborers, such as the chimney sweepers, to accept their dehumanization as means of production in order to profit the bourgeoisie. Blake, therefore, can be seen to champion the ultimate freedom of the human spirit and attack the way in which institutionalized religion and the ruling classes of the 18th century attempt to oppress and suppress the freedom of the individual. In his ‘Songs of Innocence’, Blake can be seen to champion the freedom of the human spirit, closely relating the innocence and goodness of children with pastoral imagery in order to demonstrate the overwhelmingly good freedom of the individual, along with using imagery of binding and restrictions in order to show how the human spirit is often suppressed by corrupt institutions and those in power, which he attacks through presenting these as an evil and destructive force which corrupts the sublime utopia laid out in his ‘Songs of Innocence’.

Cuál es el costo de sacar o renovar pasaporte americano

Lo que cuesta el pasaporte americano depende de una serie de factores, entre los que se encuentra la edad del solicitante, la urgencia de la peticià ³n, si se trata de una renovacià ³n o de sacarlo por primera vez o, incluso, de si se pide conjuntamente con una tarjeta de pasaporte.. Este documento solo lo pueden solicitar los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos, incluidas las personas nacidas en los territorios de la Commonwealth, como por ejemplo, el Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. Asimismo, se puede solicitar dentro de Estados Unidos o tambià ©n desde el exterior, a travà ©s de una Embajada o consulado. Es importante resaltar que el  pasaporte americano no se compra ni se vende, es necesario previo a solicitarlo haber adquirido la condicià ³n de estadounidense por nacimiento, naturalizacià ³n, derecho de sangre u otra forma derivada a travà ©s de los padres o adopcià ³n. Por el contrario,  sà ­ es posible comprar la residencia en Estados Unidos, es decir, la tarjeta de residencia a partir de una inversià ³n de mà ¡s de medio millà ³n de dà ³lares. Este es un modelo similar pero diferente al que siguen  estos 20 paà ­ses que tiene programas de adquisicià ³n ciudadanà ­a (pasaporte) y/o residencia a cambio de inversià ³n. Algunos son realmente interesantes. A continuacià ³n, un desglose del costo del pasaporte americano, segà ºn cada uno de los diferentes casos.. Costo del pasaporte americano para los ciudadanos de 16 aà ±os o mà ¡s Tanto en el caso en el que se solicita por primera vez como tambià ©n cuando se renueva la cuota a pagar $110. Ademà ¡s, cuando  se trata de sacarlo por primera vez a esa cantidad deben aà ±adir separadamente $25 mà ¡s, en concepto de gastos de gestià ³n. Es lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como acceptance agent fee. Se tiene que pagar porque un funcionario federal da fe de la firma que se estampa en el pasaporte. Tanto en un caso como en otro si el solicitante quiere, a mayores del pasaporte, obtener una tarjeta de pasaporte deberà ¡ pagar $30 mà ¡s. Estos precios arriba mencionados aplican tanto cuando se solicita el pasaporte en Estados Unidos o en el exterior en la embajada o consulado que corresponda. Todos esos costos son para el caso en los que no hay urgencia para solicitar ese documento y se puede esperar entre 4 y 6 semanas, que es lo que se viene demorando la tramitacià ³n regular. Ademà ¡s, sà ³lo para los casos en los que el solicitante se encuentre en Estados Unidos podrà ¡ pedir que la gestià ³n se tramite urgentemente.   Costo del pasaporte americano para los nià ±os menores de16 aà ±os Tanto en los casos en los que se saca por primera vez como en los de renovacià ³n hay que pagar $80 a los que hay que sumar siempre $25 en concepto de gastos de gestià ³n que solo hay que pagar cuando se aplica por primera vez, no al renovar. Si ademà ¡s se solicitase una tarjeta de pasaporte, aà ±adir $15 al precio. Costo para acelerar los trà ¡mites para el pasaporte Si se solicita una gestià ³n de urgencia, pagar otros $60.  Esto aplica tanto en los casos en los que se solicita el pasaporte por primera vez o se renueva. Y no hay distincià ³n de precio segà ºn la edad del solicitante, es decir, pagan igual nià ±os que adultos. Y, ademà ¡s $12.85 por servicio de mensajerà ­a urgente, si bien este servicio es opcional aunque recomendable. Costo de otros servicios relacionados con el pasaporte Pueden darse las siguientes circunstancias: Cuando el solicitante no encuentra documentos que prueben su ciudadanà ­a: $150 para que el gobierno investigue sobre posibles Reportes Consulares de Nacimientos en el Exterior o posibles pasaportes anteriores.Pasaporte robado o extraviado: $80 si se trata de un menor de 16 aà ±os y $110 para los que han cumplido los 16 o tienen mà ¡s edad. No hay que pagar si el solicitante se encuentra en otro paà ­s y su pasaporte ha sido robado o lo han extraviado.Correccià ³n de un error administrativo como equivocacià ³n en nombre o fecha de nacimiento: no hay que pagar.Cambio de nombre: no hay que pagar si el pasaporte actual vigente tiene menos de un aà ±o y se puede documentar legalmente el cambio de nombre (por ejemplo, por acta de matrimonio). Si se solicita un trà ¡mite de urgencia, à ©se servicio sà ­ que hay que abonarlo.Segundo pasaporte: $110. Los costos del pasaporte americano siempre se pueden verificar en la pà ¡gina del Departamento de Estado. Consejos para el paso de control migratorio y de aduanas Estos son los documentos que pueden utilizar los ciudadanos americanos para ingresar a su paà ­s, es importante estar informado porque aunque el pasaporte siempre se admite en algunos casos es posible que un ciudadano regrese a los Estados Unidos sin necesidad de mostrar el pasaporte. Y recordar que es posible acelerar el paso por el control migratorio cuando se regresa a los Estados Unidos por medio de la participacià ³n en ciertos programas, cada uno con sus propios requisitos. Por ejemplo: Nexus, entre Canadà ¡ y Estados UnidosSENTRI, paso terrestre o marà ­timo entre Mà ©xico y Estados UnidosY Global Entry y APC para aeropuertos. Doble nacionalidad: quà © pasaporte utilizar en la frontera de Estados Unidos Por à ºltimo, destacar que si un ciudadano americano tiene doble nacionalidad y, por lo tanto, 2 pasaportes, debe tener siempre en cuenta que la ley requiere que el ingreso a Estados Unidos siempre se realice utilizando el pasaporte americano. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Soil Is A Vital Part Of The Natural Environment - 1352 Words

Soil is a vital part of the natural environment. Without soil the land on Earth would be wastelands of barren rock. Soil is the thin skin of our earth where we plant and grow vital grain crops such as wheat, corn and rice that feed more than seven billion of us. The future rests on the soil beneath our feet. History is littered with the remains of civilizations that ignored, exploited and degraded the soil beneath their feet. One-third of the world’s soil has already been damaged by wind and water erosion, deforestation, compaction, nutrient depletion and pollution. By our own actions we are losing soil faster than nature can create it. Unless we protect the remaining soil and improve land use and conservation practices, the global amount†¦show more content†¦Soils that have a higher percentage of clay will have a higher water holding capacity and a lower hydraulic conductivity. Sometimes when there is a compacted layer of clay underground it can lead to flooding aft er heavy storms. There are 12 different soil types known as orders. Each order is based on one or two dominant physical, chemical, or biological properties that differentiate it clearly from the other orders (Importance of soil to agriculture. (2013). The 12 soil orders all end in â€Å"sol† which is derived form the Latin word â€Å"solum† meaning soil or ground. Most of the orders also have roots that tell you something about that particular soil. For example, â€Å"molisol† is from the Latin â€Å"mollis† meaning soft. The 12 soil orders are presented in the sequence in which they â€Å"key out† in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s dichotomous Soil Taxonomy system. Gelisols are soils that are permanently frozen or contain evidence of permafrost near the soil surface. Histosols are dominantly composed of organic material in their upper portion. These soils most often occur in extremely wet areas. Spodosols are among the most attractive soils. These soils form as rainfall interacts with acidic vegetative litter such as needles of conifers to form organic acids. Andisols typically form from the weathering of volcanic material such as ash, resulting in mineral in the soil with poor crystal structure. These

Christian corporation staffing free essay sample

The department manager holds a regular staff meeting with her four section heads confining each meeting to one chief problem. On this day, the subject was the â€Å"poor† quality of the twenty supervisors reporting to the section heads. â€Å"We have a rather poor record in selecting good supervisors†, she begun. â€Å"We may have five or six who are outstanding but, but there are so many who are not. What do you people consider when you recommends candidates to me? † â€Å"I think my best technical people make the best supervisors,† said one section head. â€Å"They have the respect of their associates and subordinates, who rate their technical competence highly. They can renew staff members very effectively and pitch in to do the most demanding jobs themselves. † â€Å"Maybe that is just the trouble,† said the department manager. People like them may never learn to manage because they spend their time on technical work. † Another section head said,† I made my recommendation on the basis of seniority. It has popular appeal because everyone expects to be along this line. † â€Å"Do you think,† said the manager, â€Å"that age is the only, or most important criterion for supervision? † such a practice conveniently ignores everything learned about managing, or it assures that the candidate has the capability to become proficient in management after getting the job. Is this realistic? In the course of the meeting, other factors such as getting along with people, making good impression, having the capability for further promotion, and being able to exact responsibility were also considered. The department manager was clearly frustrated and, as she ended the meeting, she remarked, â€Å"No wonder we have a 40% failure rate in selecting supervisors. † II. VIEWPOINT My viewpoint in this problem of staffing in Christian Corporation is that as department manager, I should not look at only and consider the recommendation of section heads. I will consider the profile or other necessary credentials of the employees who are to be selected as good supervisors. Meaning to say, upon recommendation of the section heads, still their recommended employees will be subjected for interview and requesting them to submit all their necessary credentials for my final evaluation and selection. III. STATEMENT OF THE Problem This study focused on staffing of personnel in the Christian Corporation for the year 2007. Specifically, it answers the following questions: 1. What is the profile of the recommended employees for supervisor’s position in Christian Corporation in terms of age, gender, civil status, highest educational attainment and number of children in the family? 2. Why the department manager in Christian Corporation always holds a regular staff meeting with her four section heads? 3. How do the four section heads in the Christian Corporation undergo selection/staffing the twenty supervisors? 4. Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the twenty supervisors in the Christian Corporation with their four section heads’ consideration for selection/ staffing? 5. What plan of action can be formulated to improve the poor record in selecting/ staffing good supervisors? IV. OBJECTIVES This study determine the selection/staffing of twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation for the year 2007. A. Must or short-range objectives 1. To determine the profile of the twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation in terms of age, gender, civil status, highest educational attainment, and number of children in the family. 2. To identify the reasons why the department manager in Christian Corporation always holds a regular staff meeting with her four section heads in Christian Corporation in selection/staffing the twenty supervisors. 3. To specify the considerations of the four sections heads in Christian Corporation in selecting/staffing for twenty supervisors. 4. To determine if there is a significant relationship between the profile of the twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation with their four section heads considerations for selection/staffing. B. Want or long-range objectives 5. To formulate and implement plan of action in order to improve the poor recor5d in selecting/ staffing good supervisors. V. AREAS OF CONSIDERATION/ANALYSIS As analyst of the problem of staffing in Christian Corporation, I include the following sub-problems/objectives for the following reasons: A. Must or Short-Range Objectives 1. The profile of the twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation in terms of age, gender, civil status, highest educational attainment and number of children in the family. This is because every individual is unique and has own ability and traits/characteristics to do and accomplish work. This will determine with their age, if they are still young, they have more ability and energy to do their functions. Gender may also be considered, since masculinity is greatly different from femininity in doing hard work, their endurance towards work. Civil Status vary since, if the employee is single, they can do more functions than married one because single employee has more available time to render service than married one. Highest educational attainment is also considered since, this will determine their intellectual and managerial or leadership ability of individual. Lastly, number of children in the family may be considered inasmuch that more children, means more time to spend for than those with few children in the family. 2. Identifying reasons why the department manager in Christian Corporation always holds a regular staff meeting with her four section heads. This matter maybe considered as objective to determine the status of Christian Corporation operation as well as the output of the recommended twenty supervisors of the four department heads. 3. Identifying considerations of the four section heads in Christian Corporation in selection/staffing of twenty supervisors. This is needed to identify in the sense that through this, the manager can determine whether their considerations for selection/staffing is a success or a failure. 4. Determining the significant relationship between the profile of the twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation with the considerations of the four section heads is needed inasmuch that this will determine the promotion/selection of the employees to be promoted as supervisors. Managers may have the chance for final selection based from interview and credentials presented. B. Want on Long-Range Objective 5. Formulation and implementation of plan of action is needed to improve the selection and staffing of twenty supervisors in Christian Corporation. In this situation, sure success on the business operation in the Christian Corporation is being assured and to attain quality output. VI. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION Based from the areas of consideration/analysis of the analyst, the following alternative courses of action were drawn: 1. In selecting or staffing personnel in Christian Corporation as supervisors, profile in terms of age, gender, civil status, highest educational attainment, and number of children in the family should be considered as bases inasmuch that their ability and performance towards work depends on them. 2. Determining the status of the operations and output of Christian Corporation may be identified through information disseminations and or report from the different section heads. 3. Criteria for selecting supervisors may be evaluated, once the criteria/considerations for selection/staffing may be notified / revealed. 4. The profile of the personnel to be selected for staffing may have significant relationship with the section heads considerations and or bases for selection and or staffing personnel. 5. Formulation and implementation of action plan is important for staffing personnel for supervisorship position. VII. RECOMMENDATION From the alternative courses of action, it is recommended that the profile in terms of age, gender, civil status, highest educational attainment and number of children in the family of the personnel to be selected and or evaluated for staffing supervisor’s position may be considered to assure quality output performance. VIII. CONCLUSION/DETAILED ACTION PLAN Activities Strategies Persons Involved 1. Staffing supervisors position 1. Meeting of the department manager with the section heads. a) Submit personal data sheet and or credentials of personnel to be subjected for evaluation for staffing supervisor’s position. 2. Interview with the section heads. 3. Interview with the department manager. 4. Final selection process. (management decision) 1. Department manager 2. Section Heads 3. Personnel subjected for staffing supervisor’s position

Manila Metropolitan Theater Past, Present and Future Essay Example

Manila Metropolitan Theater: Past, Present and Future Paper Introduction The Manila Metropolitan Theater was built on December 10, 1930. Manila Metropolitan Theater or MET can be found at the north part of Mehan Garden within Plaza Arroceros, the same place where the Spanish theater â€Å"Teatro Del Principe Alfonso XII† was located during the time of the Spanish regime. The concept or idea of constructing the Manila Metropolitan Theater was conceived in the mid-1920s as a venue for most Americans, and as well as Filipinos to have a center of performing arts here in the capital. The MET was designed in January 30, 1930 by one of the first pensionados in architecture, Juan Arellano, who also designed some of the major government buildings such as Legislative Building and the Manila Central Post Office Building. We will write a custom essay sample on Manila Metropolitan Theater: Past, Present and Future specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Manila Metropolitan Theater: Past, Present and Future specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Manila Metropolitan Theater: Past, Present and Future specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The theater is an example of a design that was popular in the 1920s to 1940s called â€Å"Art Deco†. From the outside, the major colors of the walls of the theater are misty rose pink, tea rose pink and white. There are three main entrances in the facade. Sculptures of Adam and Eve that can be seen by the entrance of the theater were made by Francesco Riccardo Monti, an Italian sculptor who lived in Manila for 28 years at that time. A rich flora and fauna designed mural glass with a written â€Å"metropolitan† text in the middle can be seen on top of the entrance gate. There are six sculptures of sensual movie dancers in their ethnic poses that can be found symmetrical on both sides outside the theater ? two facing front, two facing each side, and another two at the back. On the topmost part of the theater is the Angkor-Wat inspired minarets on top of the roof that resemble a crown which symbolizes the theater’s glory back in its glorious days. There are several other designs and functions outside the theater such as the arcade architecture, a typical bay, play of levels of massing, side entrances, art deco and organic ornaments, and other decorative elements. Inside, beautiful sculptur

buy custom Dealing with Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia essay

buy custom Dealing with Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia essay Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disorder of the brain that affects the actions, thoughts and perception of a person towards the universe. People with schizophrenia have a changed reality perception. There is normally a huge loss of contact with realism. In most cases, they see and hear things that actually do not exist. Their speech is confusing, strange and they normally have a feeling that the other people around them are endeavoring to harm them. They may also have a feeling that other people are constantly watching them. With such an obscure line between the imaginary and realism, Schizophrenia makes it tricky and even worse, frightening for the patient while negotiating the day to day life activities (Bell et al. 2007). In response to such threats as they see them, schizophrenia patients tend to withdraw from the external world or may be act out in fear and confusion. Schizophrenia affects both women and men equally. It takes place at same rates in all racial groups around the universe. The symptoms that normally begin between the sixteen and thirty years are delusions and hallucinations. Symptoms in men tend to show up a little earlier than in their female counterparts. In most cases, it is not easy to get schizophrenia casualties over the age of 45. Schizophrenia hardly takes place in children although there is an increasing alertness of childhood-onset schizophrenia (Masi et al., 2006). Diagnosing schizophrenia amongst teens can be difficult. This so because the initial signs come along with a change of friends, problems of sleeping, irritability and drop in academic performance. Diagnosis is thus difficult because these behaviors are a common occurrence amongst teens. An amalgamation of factors can be used to determine schizophrenia amongst teens at the verge of developing the disorder. Such factors include withdrawal from other people and sol itude, an increased abnormal thinking and suspicions and the psychosis history of a family. Schizophrenia Symptoms Schizophrenia symptoms fall into three broad classifications: negative symptoms, cognitive symptoms and positive symptoms. Well, this study narrows its research into the positive symptoms and seeks to establish how assessment of these symptoms can effectively be assessed and the most efficacious skills that a therapist can apply to assist in response to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia Positive symptoms are the psychotic behaviors that are not noticeable with healthy people. People having positive symptoms would in most cases lose touch with the reality that goes around the immediate environment (Warner, 2009). These symptoms are not persistent in a continuous manner. They may appear and disappear. On some occasions, they are severe while they may become hard to notice at other times. However, this depends on whether the person is getting treatment or not. Therefore, successful evaluation and treatment calls for a proper understanding of the condition before the most amicable therapeutic skills can be applied. Generally, positive symptoms of schizophrenia include the following. Hallucinations Hallucinations are the things that an individual sees, smells, feels or hears that cannot be sense through either of these senses. The most common hallucinations in schizophrenia are voices which other people cannot hear. These voices may talk to the individual concerning behavior, orderliness in the person or danger that is looming in the persons life. At times these voices can talk to each other. The problem may persist for a long time before it can be noticeable to friends and families. Hallucinations could also involve seeing objects and people that do not exist, smelling odors that are undetectable by others. They may also feel such things as invisible fingers pounding on their bodies when they are alone (Zullino et al. 2008). Understanding hallucinations is the first step towards the implementation of any therapeutic action. It is imperative to understand that these are false perceptions and inaccuracies that affect peoples senses and cause them to see, touch and smell things that do not exist. In acute stages of schizophrenia, patients will insist of hearing voices that other people cannot hear. In some cases, non-word sounds, clicks and noises characterize these voices. These experiences act as disturbances in the lives of these individuals. All the same, the descriptions of these perceptions tend to be different (Bottas, 2009). In some occasions, they are encountered as very forceful and seemingly vital thoughts. Occasionally, they appear to emanate from outside the self. They are heard as discussions between other commands, people and insults or compliments being addressed to the person. Dealing with such situations and conditions may require the directives of a professional therapist in order to administer the best treatment process. The voices interchangeably convey conflicting messages. At one point they could be voices of reassurance while on another occasion, they could be threatening (Greig et al., 2007). Understanding these different scenarios would contribute to effective treatment procedure and the provision of the most efficacious assistance to the affected individuals. In most cases, the remarks that are received are not merely addressed to the individual but they appear to show concern on them in an obscure manner. The people who experience this define it like a tape that plays in their mind. Such experiences are so real that many of these affected individuals tend to believe that a broadcasting device has been implanted in their bodies. Some of them end up believing in a paranormal explanation for the peculiar sensation in their lives. When administering treatment or offering any form of assistance, it is important to work on an observable fact. Any form of assistance cannot be founded on guesswork. The therapist must engage on a process founded on facts and a thorough knowledge of the situation that the individual is experiencing (Cannon et al., 2008). The therapist needs to look beyond the outward reactions seen in the individual. The things that the person is experiencing are so real to the individual that they cannot be dismissed and alleged as imaginations. In times of convalescence, the schizophrenia patients manage their voices. Either to dismiss or summon these voices is at the patients disposal. They may chose to cope by ignoring them or handling them as caring supplements of their daily lives. However in times of acute sessions, the hallucinations, normally the same ones repeatedly take control and the person feels powerless and victimized (Zullino et al. 2008). The person feels at the mercy of a foreign company. The patients and the people close to them should recognize these hallucinations as indicators of illness. Discussion concerning their plausibility and objective truth are not important at this stage. The experience is very true and very clear. Therefore, it should be acknowledged as such. The attempts of any therapist efforts of setting the individual straight may amount to resistance, bad feelings and tension. It is however useful to seek clarification that other people do not have a sense of smell, hearing, feeling and seeing of the things the patient is experiencing. This assists to identify it as a unique experience of the patient concerning the acceptance of the experience as a symptom of schizophrenia. This would be useful in letting everyone agree to the inclination that something is taking place (Bottas, 2009). Hallucinations react to any attempt of mitigating stress and an increase of antipsychotic prescription of medicine. Good therapeutic skills would exercise keeping the patient busy. It is a very important endeavor as it offers a kind of distraction that is very useful. The competing stimuli can at times sink the voices. Keeping the patient busy is very important in dealing with hallucinations. Anything that can keep the patient busy without coercion is considered a very useful effort in assisting the patient. The patient should be encouraged to discuss the moment these hallucinations take place and what they discuss with the therapist. This can help in clarifying the kind of stress that appears to bring the patient on (Greig et al., 2007). Again, pointing out to the patient that he or she has some control over these hallucinations can be a very useful strategy while assisting the patient. Habitually, instinctively, the patient has gotten the habit of listening for the voices he or she hears as though it was a passive recipient. There is a lot of effectiveness if the therapist can direct the mind of the patient to different interests and assisting him or her recognize that there is no need to keep waiting for the incoming voices. These are the major techniques through which the patient can develop on their own with time and that need a fair amount of practice. The therapist should engage the individual in a discussion encouraging him or her not to despair. These discussions with the therapist bring on the reassurance that the close friends and family understand their situation. This is a very important aspect that can assist the patient to overcome these challenges. The constant talk concerning hallucinations can be inf uriating. However, it is clear that the patient is already occupied with such bizarre events. Chronic hallucinations should be accepted as a part of the daily life. However, they are not normally sufficient reason to justify the participation in household duties and in other activities (Bottas, 2009). Delusions Delusions are another positive symptom of schizophrenia. These are false beliefs that are ideally not a part of the individuals culture and that remain the same. They do not change at all. The individual believes in these delusions even after other people have proved to them that the beliefs are illogical and unsubstantiated. Individuals with schizophrenia can experience delusions that appear problematic. This ma include a belief that neighbors can manage their behavior with waves of magnetism. Moreover, these individuals may also believe that individuals on television are making reference to them as they talk and make presentations (Warner, 2009). They may also allege that radio stations are giving out news aloud to other people in accordance to their individual thoughts. Some times, the patients believe that they are not themselves but other different individuals from those they were from the beginning. They may see themselves as famous figures in history. At times, they may show paranoid delusions and may often believe that the other people are committed to harming them through harassment, cheating, spying on them, poisoning them or even planning harm against them or the people who under their care. These are commonly referred to as persecution delusions. The therapist is also in a tricky position because he or she must remove the predisposition of the patient to such paranoid experiences towards the people in the surrounding (Zullino et al. 2008). The therapist ought to be in a position to analyze these misinterpretations and false beliefs. The significance of these false beliefs is very important otherwise they could be very consequential. For example, an individual could accidentally be bumped in the passageway and quickly come to a conclusion that it is a plot by the government for him or her to get harassed. He could be alerted by noise from an adjacent apartment at night and may ultimately decide that it was an intentional attempt by the neighbors to interfere with his or her sleep. Every person seems to misinterpret and personalize events and more in particular during stressing moments or fatigue. However, what is characteristic of the schizophrenia and more particularly during an acute session is the predisposition to this conviction and the varying explanations for the experiences as not even valued (Greig et al., 2007). Normally, attempts at discussion or reasoning concerning other possible meanings of the bumping scenario or the noise from the neighborhood can again amount to another conviction that the therapist must be in the plan also. The therapist is therefore left in a tricky position in handling such an issue. It is very imperative for the therapist not to directly tackle the convictions of the patient. Addressing these issues directly would pile on the situation and may not amount to any amicable solution. Making an argument with a delusion will only amount to more anger and extended mistrust. It would therefore be unwise for any therapist to engage in such a process. The beliefs are held tenaciously against each and every reason and they are typically beliefs that are not shared (Cannon et al., 2008). They are held only by the patient. The direct indulgence and inclusion of another person in the matter including the therapist would amount to a disastrous moment. Friends and families should initially realize that delusions are occasioned by illness. It would be very wrong for the therapist, friend and even the family members to assume that the person is being stubborn or acting in a stupid way. Instead, the close associates together with the therapist should take note of these delusions and analyze them in an effort of establishing the condition in the individual. Any effort made to assist the individual should not directly hit or react to the issues that the patient is presenting otherwise the process would be detrimental. The adamant delusions of the patient could be irritating. However, this is not a reason enough to react emotionally towards the delusions. Taunting and threatening the patient will also not be useful at this stage (Cannon et al., 2008). It will only add on to the danger. Assisting the patient will therefore require a disregard of any form of reaction towards the patient. While making an effort to assist the patient, the skills of the therapist must demonstrate discretion. This is because there is always something concerning the delusional belief that people can empathize with. For example, getting bumped in passageways can be annoying. It must make someone feel as if nobody cares and no one is attentive to your importance to be offered an apology or be excused. Presumably, the conviction that an individual is at the core of a plot by the government should derive at least in some way from any fear that an individual is actually very irrelevant or lacking in value. Moreover, to be alerted from sleep during the night is a lousy experience. It is very hard to resume sleep. It takes away all strength. It may create a feeling that those in the neighborhood are not friendly. However, a normal personal must make an effort to stay healthy and strong. Such kind of reasoning could be useful in persuading an individual to look out for medical attention and/or in crease in the persons prescription of medicine in order to help them become strong and strongly fend off any annoyances made by other people. This is a better approach other than telling the person that he or she is deluded and that it was better if he or she went to see a psychiatrist (Chwastiak and Tek, 2009). Delusions make a person very slippery in dealing with him or her. Therefore, it would be important to reduce the stimuli that amount to the formation of delusion. If crowded passageways prompt experiences that amount to ideas of persecution, then the therapist should work on to help the individual avoid them. This includes any other thing that prompts persecution ideas while there are other alternatives. It is important that the individual is assisted to make use of these other alternatives available instead of directly confronting the situation. The emergence of ideas which are delusional whether grandiose or persecutory normally implies that there is a lot emotion and activity. This may even be the fact that there a lot of people within the environs (Warner, 2009). Take an example where a schizophrenia patient says, I think I am the President. A reaction that would be considered unhelpful to this remark would be, That is absolutely absurd. You are mad. On the contrary, a helpful reaction to that remark would be, You must be feeling very special and somehow different this day. Could be it is all the fuss around this place. Let us try a relatively low core routine for the next two days. When while on medication an individual keeps on making reference to left over delusions, a very useful reaction to that would be, That is how you view things. I have explicated that I do not agreewe have to concur to differ. This accepts the perception of the patient although stops meaningless discussion. Thought Disorders These are abnormal or dysfunctional thinking modes (Huang et al., 2007). One of these forms of disorder in thinking is commonly referred to as disorganized thinking. In such a case, the patient gets trouble while organizing thoughts and endeavors to arrange them in a logical order. They could talk in a way that is garbled making it hard for the listener to comprehend. Though blocking is also another form of thought disorder. It occurs when an individual can stop speaking all of a sudden amidst a thought. When the individual is asked the reason why he or she halted the speech, he or she may allege that the thought was removed from the head. Ultimately, the individual with a disorder in thinking could make up inane words in what many people could say that the person is talking nonsense (Dixon et al., 2010). Talking nonsense normally takes place when the individual is in the active stage of schizophrenia. However, it can emerge again when the medications on the person are very low or the patient is in a high stress condition. What the individual says can no longer be understood by the people around. The reason is that the sentences are not well connected in a logical sequence in a manner that brings out sense. Again, it could be due to the reason that there is no point in the stories that the patient tells. The person may also end up talking nonsense as a result of a high frequency in switching of topics taking place in the mind (Warner, 2009). Words could take on very special implications in schizophrenia either due to the way they trigger private connections or due to the attention that is paid to personal sounds instead of the whole words. For example, a word like psychiatry may sound like sigh Kaya tree and the topic could instantly change from a discussion on issues of psychiatry to one that discusses mystical trees. Particular words could be shunned since they sound evil or may be harsh. In other occasions, intonations are modified due to the same reasons. On a different occasion, the language is utilized as an invocation to fend off any kind of threat. The difficulty that is experienced in making sense to other people is a sign of the acute stage of schizophrenia. It is almost difficult to converse with schizophrenia patients when they are at this stage and it can indeed be exasperating to the family members (Kneisl and Trigoboff, 2009). In an effort of assisting the patient, non-verbal communication can play a very significant role. Communication by way of writing can be very useful. Thoughts tend to come out in a logical manner if they are put in writing. The therapist, be it a friend, a family member or any other person must apply this skill with the seriousness that it deserves. It is not necessary for the therapist to forcefully listen and try to comprehend. This will certainly amount to irritation and headache. When communicating with other people, the therapist should however not speak as though the patient was not present. It would not be a wise idea to mimic or tease the patient. Many people make use of one section of the brain for any matter to do with language and the other section for movement or music or art. If the section meant for the language is disturbed, it could be a wise decision to pay attention on the other section and encourage the patient to either play an instrument, draw, dance, sing or exe rcise. These are very useful communication methods that can help the patient very much. Just like other positive symptoms of schizophrenia, the disturbbances in thinking react to stress reduction and an increased antipsychotic medication. Preoccupations Preoccupations are ideas that are fixed. They may not necessarily be false like is the case with delusions. However, preoccupations are normally given a lot of value. The patient shows an extraordinary regard and importance to these ideas. They normally consume an inordinate amount of time while thinking about them. These ideas normally recur in the life of the patient. Typically, there is a continued growth in the patients worry. The worry is so involving until it ends up being unrealistic. A very common order of events is for the worry to consume a lot of time for the individual at the expense of doing the right thing. The fact that the right thing has not been done is linked to the ill motive of other people. The patient may also rationalize the failure to do what was right as the wish of God. Alternatively, the patient may state that he or she is not in a fit position physically to tackle the task (Pharoah et al., 2010). For instance, the patient may state a very unrealistic explanation that they cannot get up because they are paralyzed. Amazingly, they may allege that they cannot get out of the bed because it is the day of the Lord. Other irritating predispositions are such as, If I get up, I will feel bad. These forms of explanations are very odd and funny claims to many people but to the patient, they are apparently acceptable. They do not seem to understand the reason other people regard their predispositions as excuses. The schizophrenia patients define the facts in a better way than any other form of explanation. The therapist should be careful when handling such a situation. These preoccupations sometimes have a character that is perplexing to them. They appear to be demanding a need for decoding and puzzling them out. It is therefore important not to personalize any irritation that comes from the patient (Nordgaard et al., 2008). The schizophrenia patient uses a lot of time in such a kind of perplexing activity and that is the reason why they think they have tackled many mysteries that other people have not because they did not spent any time at it. When the patient is completely lost in thought, distraction is the last thing that they would expect from anyone. This sends a very important message to anyone who is willing to assist the patient. Intervening at such a point would produce disastrous results rather than useful efforts. The patients at that moment feel that they have important assignments to do. They will therefore not accept any conversation offer or any sharing of activities at such moments. Preoccupations are normally seen in the active stage of schizophrenia although could persist into the convalescent phase (Warner, 2009). They could be in form of daydreams. Even though it would not be wise to interfere with the schizophrenic at that moment, it should not be used as an excuse to let the preoccupations control the patients life including the people that are in the neighborhood. Distraction can be helpful but in an indirect manner as the therapist comes up with a daily structure or routine that does not allow a lot of time for thinking and sitting. The life necessities like food, fresh air, sleep, health, hygiene, exercise and social interactions should be maintained all through. Preoccupations should not be allowed to sidetrack the life of the patient. Increased medication could be needed at such an instance. SecondaryPositive Symptoms of Schizophrenia These secondary positive symptoms of schizophrenia may refer to those positive symptoms that are in essence not positive symptoms of schizophrenia but which occur along the main positive symptoms of schizophrenia. They may exist in the combination of some or all of the positive symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, thought disorder and preoccupations (Warner, 2009). They too have a huge impact in the life of the patient and the family members and therefore should be addressed in an effort of helping the patient. Violent and/or Aggressiveness Violence and/or aggressive behavior are not indeed symptoms of Schizophrenia but when they take place, they do so in line with delusions, jumbled thoughts, hallucinations and delusions. These may also be prompted through stress and subsides in the event of using antipsychotic medication appropriately in the correct amounts. Violent behavior is in most cases frequent signs that have ideally nothing in particular related to schizophrenia. All the same, schizophrenics could also experience the same. This symptom counts in schizophrenia because the disease frightens families and patients and leads to much worry and dread. It is mainly noticeable in young men and can be precipitated through chemical and psychological stimulants. Violence against other people can be said to be as a result of the misinterpretation by the patient concerning the reason and consequent feeling of being isolated. An individual in the acute phase of schizophrenia may not be in a position to overstate the misread and irritation of other people as vehemence. The patient may however see derision in what is regarded as a joke. The patient senses himself in a looming danger when he actually is not and may even strike out in such situations. Violence against the individuals self is very common and can be classified under depression. In an effort to prevent this violence in a schizophrenic, it would be prudent to avoid ridicule, mockery, insult, blame or any form of confrontation (Chwastiak and Tek, 2009). The schizophrenic should be permitted to psychological distance and relative privacy. If violence comes up, it is not wise however to allow it to intimidate others. There is no defined way to handle such violence. The therapists discretion is needed in such an occasion. Important measures should be employed while ensuring the safety all people including the patient. This could require determination and assistances from neighbors and friends. It could require calling for the police if need be. The therapist must know if he or she was not around the scene. The patient through the therapists directives should be assisted to acquire self-control. Moreover, it is always important to keep an updated list of resources that could be useful in the community. This is important as the patient through experience would respond very well to specific neighbors and friends when he or she is distressed, potentially violent and frightened. These neighbors and friends could thus be useful and should be called upon in the event the violent behavior erupts. Anticipating such friends and being ready with an effective action plan would be a very good way of helping the patient and the community at large. Even though violence is a rare occurrence in schizophrenia, it may be a noticeable factor with some patients. If that is the case, it is important to discuss suitable living arrangements and preventive measures as anticipated with the guidance of the therapist (Muller-Vahl and Emrich, 2008). Movement Disorders/Restlessness Movement disorders may emerge as body movements that are agitated. An individual having a disorder of movement repeats particular motions repeatedly. To the other extreme side of it, the patient may end up being catatonic. A catatonic person will hardly move and may not even respond to other people. Well, it may not be a common symptom but it existed when there was no treatment of schizophrenia. Anxiety, agitation, tension and restlessness all refer to more or less the same thing. However, these can be categorized as secondary positive symptoms of schizophrenia as they appear in connection to the main positive symptoms. They are normally occasioned by apprehension and fear as a way of reacting to frightening elements of delusions and hallucinations as well (Warner, 2009). If this is the case, calm and quiet reassurance is required. The patients who exhibit nervousness need somebody to offer stability and explanation. In the same manner, a schizophrenic would need this attention in or der to reduce stress. Medication could also be useful in dealing with anxiety. Restlessness that starts after the patient has begun medication could be a side effect of the drugs (Cullen et al., 2008). If the patient experiences persistent body tremors, reference to the doctor may be important for the purposes of changing the drugs if need be or add another medicine to counteract the effect caused by the initial ones. The patient should not be given stimulants on this occasion. These include tea, cola drinks, cold tablets, coffee and chocolate as they worsen the situation. Sedative medication can be useful although it must only be applied under the doctors prescription. Understanding at this level is very much needed. It is not wise to criticize the patient. It would be useful to accompany the patient in walking, jogging and riding among other activities. Conclusion This research paper has dealt with the positive symptoms of schizophrenia highlighting on their probable cause, nature and treatment. The positive symptoms of schizophrenia can be harmful if the necessary clinical measures are not applied to assist the client. In most cases, it has been found that the schizophrenic situation cannot be confronted directly. A lot of discretion is needed by the therapist and the close associates when dealing with hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders and preoccupations in the lives of schizophrenic patients. It has also been found that there are other symptoms that are actually not positive symptoms but come in conjunction with a part or all of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The research paper has highlighted these symptoms as secondary positive symptoms of schizophrenia as their presence in the life of the patient can be very consequential if not addressed. Therefore, the positive symptoms of schizophrenia can easily be managed and cont rolled to assist the patient with the implementation of the effective and appropriate therapeutic skills. Buy custom Dealing with Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia essay

Hot Asphalt Mix Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hot Asphalt Mix - Lab Report Example   This implies that the cohesive forces between the mixture particles are at their minimal. This is considering that in cohesive materials; the cohesive forces reduce with the increase in the moisture volume. At high temperatures, the viscosity of the asphalt reduces making it be more of a liquid. This permits the particles of the aggregate to interlock in an effective way. At a slightly lower temperature, the binder will act as a lubricant allowing the aggregate of the asphalt to undergo densification and shift in the process of compaction. Further temperature reduction leads to a binder stiffening in which case its cohesion avoids any more densification. From the results, it is clear that as the content of asphalt increase, the asphalt thickness of the aggregate also increases. At the temperatures set for compaction, the thickened films make the effect of lubrication to be experienced more. The mixture temperature has an effect on the process of compaction in a similar way the content of asphalt does. However, there is a limit to the temperature which is 150 degrees. Above this temperature will lead to asphalt damage through hardening being accelerated. On the other hand, there is also a lower temperature limit which is approximately 85 degrees; any temperature below this means that there is need of compaction effect on the content of void. Asphalt mix in most cases has many volumetric properties which are constituent of few properties in the volume like voids in the aggregate of the mineral, void in asphalt, void in the total mix. The crucial void in the air is directly related to the density (Marker, 284). The results showed the air void to range from 2.618 to 8.631 and the average is 4.613%. The average gives a perfect figure for the mixtures that are dense-graded.  Ã‚  

Prudential Insurence Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Prudential Insurence Case - Assignment Example The company’s tangible resources are financial, human and physical resources. It had in its possession several physical resources that she managed; they include equipment and buildings. The strong financial position of the company ensured that it had very stable financial resources for conducting its duties or operations without substantial problems in terms of shortages of money. This considerably put it in a position of avoiding unnecessary debt financing. Nevertheless, the company also ensured that it maintained a workforce that is highly motivated; which has been a major driving force in ensuring that it achieves its intended goals of service delivery to its clients. Furthermore, the company invested heavily in the development and training of its employees as this is a critical factor in making sure the employees that are fully involved or fully engaged in the service provision deliver work or services of high quality, and those that deal with matters marketing or promotio n make sure that the potential clients are made aware.On the other hand, the intangible resources of the company included, goodwill, intellectual and technical (Hopkin, 2012). The company had for a very long time enjoyed the technical resources that greatly facilitated its goals. Events identified by the management The most critical events that were identified by the management were fraudulent practices on the side of the sales agents. This was reported by the internal auditors of the company in the year 1982. A failure by the management of the company to ensure that consumer protection regulations and laws are enforced was also detailed during the early 1990s by the internal audits of the regional offices and individual divisions. At first, we can say that the management did not take the events seriously, which means that they considered them as opportunities to continue their fraudulent practices until when matters got out of hand as the reputation of the company started going dow n significantly, when they were again seen as risks that called for drastic actions or solutions. Management’s primary risk response The management cannot be commended wholly for identifying the risks that were facing the company as they were revealed but no drastic measures were taken, instead they were viewed as opportunities; this can be said so as it failed to enforced the consumer protection laws and regularities, meaning that there was no goodwill to seal the loopholes. The management did not react immediately when it was realized that there were serious fraudulent activities on the side of the agents, which was turning out to be the biggest undoing or problem of the company. When a report was released by the internal auditors to the board of directors of the company, they continually insisted that the management was aware of the problems and was taking the necessary measures in ensuring that they were solved amicably and completely (Hopkin, 2012). When matters got wors e, the board of directors found it necessary to ensure that there is a change of guard, whereby a new manager in the name of Ryan was brought in to try his part even though he was largely untested. However, when Ryan came in, he deemed it necessary to overhaul some of the company’s structures by first changing the business approach of the company

Political Science Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Political Science - Research Proposal Example In the abstract, the text will mention the main findings of the research that have been obtained from consulting various sources related to the topic of study. This will be summarized in about one page in the beginning of the paper after the project title. In this section of the paper, the historic development of human rights laws will be discussed in reference to each of these two countries to what is in application to date. The specific policies and other human rights interventions will be discussed in identifying the pros and cons of these two nations in enforcing equity in law among its people. The information that would have been gathered about the human rights positions of these two nations will then be examined in this analysis section. The merits and demerits that would have been established in enforcing human rights will be compared so that a recommendation can be justified from the information.

The Representation of Minorities in American Cinema Essay -- Movies Fi

The Representation of Minorities in American Cinema As the semester progressed and we continued learning how Latinos have been misrepresented through American cinema during the twentieth century, I began to wonder about my own heritage and how Jews were portrayed in films of the same era. I grew up learning about the various stereotypes that have been associated with Jews throughout history, but never have I explored the portrayals of Jews through film history in the United States. My curiosity led me to research Hollywood’s image of the Jew, providing me with a better understanding of the role Jews and Jewish family life have played in American Cinema from the very beginnings of film history. I was able to relate the facts about the representation of Jews in the media to what we have studied this semester about the representation of Latinos and Latinas. Although in class we focused on the portrayals of different Latin American cultures in American film, we must realize that other minorities, social classes, and ethnic groups were mistreated by cinema as well. As Keller states, "One of the side effects of American cinema was often crushingly brutal portrayals of other races and cultures, depictions that spread to larger audiences than ever before possible around the nation and even around the globe" (Keller, 5). Overall, the American film industry felt it necessary to depict all characters but the dominant Anglo in a negative light. "In short", Keller explains, "white Americans believed in the superiority of the white race and depicted this superiority on the silver screen. Every other race was evaluated in relationship to the attainments of the white race and with respect to its approximation to the white race whic... ...//www.grapevinevideo.com/fairbanks.htm The Mark of Zorro. Produced by United Artists and Douglas Fairbanks Productions; directed by Fred Niblo, 1920. Cortes, Carlos E. "Chicanas in Film: History of an Image". Rodriguez, Clara E. Latin Looks. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998. Pp.121-139 Flying Down to Rio. Directed by Herbert Brenon. Produced by Louis Zarecky, 1932. All Movie Guide, Dolores Del Rio. http://www.allmovie.com/cg/x.exe?p=avg&sql=bp18330 Mexican Spitfire. Directed by Leslie Goodwins. Produced by Cliff Reid, 1939. Erens, Patricia. The Jew in American Cinema. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984. Friedman, Lester D. Hollywood's Image of the Jew. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1982. Hangin' With the Homeboys. Directed by Joseph Vasquez, 1991. West Side Story. Directed by Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise, 1961.

Mcdonald’s Market Structure

Introduction By the late- 1990s fast-food chain McDonalds had enjoyed 40 years of exceptional performance. McDonald's brand mission is to be a customers' favorite place and way to eat. McDonald's worldwide operations are aligned around a global strategy called the Plan to Win, which center on an exceptional customer experience – People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion. They are committed to continuously improving theirs operations and enhancing customers' experience. McDonalds place the customer experience at the core of all they do. McDonald’s customers are the reason for their existence.So, McDonalds’s demonstrate appreciation by providing them with high quality food and superior service in a clean, welcoming environment, at a great value. Their goal is quality, service, cleanliness and value for each and every customer, each and every time. McDonalds are committed to people. They provide opportunity, nurture talent, develop leaders and reward achievement. They believe that a team of well-trained individuals with diverse backgrounds and experiences, working together in an environment that fosters respect and drives high levels of engagement, is essential to continued success.McDonald’s business model, depicted by three-legged stool of owner or operators, suppliers, and company employees, is foundation, and balancing the interests of all three groups is a key. McDonalds operate their business ethically. Sound ethics is good business. At McDonald’s, they hold their selves and conduct the business to high standards of fairness, honesty, and integrity. McDonalds are individually accountable and collectively responsible. McDonalds give back to our communities.They take seriously the responsibilities that come with being a leader. McDonald’s help their customers build better communities, support Ronald McDonald House Charities, and leverage their size, scope and resources to help make the world a better place. McDonald s grow their business profitably. McDonald’s is a publicly traded company. As such, they work to provide sustained profitable growth for their shareholders. This requires a continuous focus on McDonald’s customers and the health of our system. McDonalds strive continually to improve.They are a learning organization that aims to anticipate and respond to changing customer, employee and system needs through constant evolution and innovation. Task 1 History of McDonalds The  McDonald's  restaurant concept was introduced in  San Bernardino, California  by  Dick and Mac McDonald  of  Manchester, New Hampshire. It was modified and expanded by their business partner,  Ray Kroc, of  Oak Park, Illinois, who later bought out the business interests of the McDonald brothers in the concept and went on to found  McDonald's Corporation.In October 1948, after the McDonald brothers realized that most of their profits came from selling hamburgers, they closed down th eir successful carhop  drive-in to establish a streamlined system with a simple menu of just hamburgers, cheeseburgers, french fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. The carhops were eliminated to make McDonald's a  self-serve  operation. Mac and Dick McDonald had taken great care in setting up their kitchen like an  assembly line  to ensure maximum efficiency. The restaurant's name was again changed, this time to simply â€Å"McDonald's,† and reopened its doors on December 12, 1948.In 1960, the McDonald's advertising campaign â€Å"Look for the  Golden Arches† gave sales a big boost. Kroc believed that advertising was an investment that would in the end come back many times over and advertising has always played a key role in the development of the McDonald's Corporation. Indeed, McDonald's ads have been some of the most identifiable over the years. In 1962, McDonald's introduced its now world-famous Golden Arches logo. A year later, the company sold i ts billionth hamburger and introduced  Ronald McDonald, a red-haired clown designed to appeal to children.Arise of Burger King In the late 1970s, competition from other hamburger chains such as  Burger King began to intensify. Experts believed that the fast-food industry had become as big as it ever would, so the companies began to battle fiercely for market share. A period of aggressive advertising campaigns and price slashing in the early 1980s became known as the â€Å"burger wars. † Burger King suggested to customers: â€Å"have it your way† and had attracted many customer and affected McDonald's sales and market share.The predecessor to what is now the international fast food restaurant chain Burger King was founded in 1953 in  Jacksonville, Florida, as Insta-Burger King. Inspired by the  McDonald brothers'  original store location in  San Bernardino, California, the founders and owners, Keith J. Kramer and his wife's uncle Matthew Burns, began searchi ng for a concept to open a new restaurant around. After purchasing the rights to two pieces of equipment called â€Å"Insta† machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler.The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device. After the original company began to falter in 1959, it was purchased by its Miami, Florida, franchisees James McLamore and David R. Edgerton. The two initiated a corporate restructuring of the chain; the first step was to rename the company Burger King. The duo ran the company as an independent entity for eight years, eventually expanding to over 250 locations in the United States, when they sold it to the Pillsbury Company in 1967. |McDonalds| Burger King| The first original McDonalds opened in 1948, a restaurant created by Mac & Dick McDonalds in St. Bernandino| Burger King was founded in 1953 in  Jacksonville, Florida, as Insta-Burger King by , Keith J. Kramer and Matthew Burns| Establish a streamlined system with a simple menu of just hamburgers, cheeseburgers, french fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. |   Equipment called â€Å"Insta† machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler| In 1962, McDonald's introduced its now world-famous Golden Arches logo. Expanding to over 250 locations in the United States| Delight each customer with unmatched quality, service, cleanliness and value every time| Dedicated to supporting and investing in our people – employees, franchisees, suppliers and restaurant guests  | Place the customer experience at the core| â€Å"Customers always right†Ã‚  | Comparison of purposes of McDonalds & Burger King Task 2 McDonalds Internal Environment The most important factor comes from the internal company or precisely the management itself.Managers must work closely with other department to come out with a strong marketing plan to boost McDonalds sales and efficiency of the operation. For example, the company management has a clear goals regarding importance of retaining customers by offering satisfaction to all its customers. Supplier Supplier is an important factor in the relation with McDonalds and its consumer. To have a good, continuous and no disruption supply, McDonalds must build a strong relationship with the suppliers. McDonalds must also consider that in the business market environment, it is competing with other fast food operators.Any strike, supply shortages and increasing of prices in market must be monitored closely by McDonalds to ensure it will not affect its bottom line performance. Simple economic rules, the more the input cost, the more the company’s overall cost and pricing will be and thus it affect the volume of sales to customers. However, pricing is not as important as close relationship and integration that McDonalds must achieve with vendors to ensure sust ainability of supplier. Distributers Marketing intermediaries are company that helps other company to promote, sell and distribute the goods to final buyers.McDonalds is a franchise-based business, which headquartered in United States and with franchisee around the world. Franchise system is part of marketing intermediaries to actual corporate McDonalds in United States, which helps to popularize, distribute and expand McDonald’s business concept around the globe. However, in the midst to expand the marketing of its brand around the world it must choose a strong creditable franchisee to ensure their business performance is in line with standards set by corporate. McDonalds also need logistic or physical distribution firm especially to help in distribution nd transportation of goods and materials around the country to its restaurant. Customers Customers whether it is business or household buyer are important factor in microenvironment where McDonalds operates. For McDonalds it is more on household consumers, which is changing fast in the market trend. McDonalds must have a clear market segmentation to differentiate the consumers group and has a special marketing attention to each of them such as kiddies, adult, working professional and teenagers with different taste of its food.Every consumer’s trend will affect the company bottom-line performance and if McDonalds cannot change or adapt to the changes of consumer behavior it might risk losing the market. Competitors Fast food industry has a wide range of competitors from small to big size in term of financial capabilities. For example in Malaysia, we have Kenny Roger’s, KFC, Pizza Hut, A&W and Marry Brown and to smaller scale, we have Ramli burger stall around the street corner serving the niche market. These are competitors of McDonalds, which McDonalds must compete by offering a differentiation in term of value and satisfaction to its customers.Any values and benefits that McDonalds can u tilize to differentiate it apart from all can be a strong marketing point to reach and conquer the market. Marketer must constantly understand ever-changing customer’s needs, needs by special group and develop strategies to strengthen the company positioning in domestic market. Employers The good things for this company is it provide a good training to all staff and especially to those involve in management level. Even in Malaysia, many management staff sent to Chicago to training on managing the operation of McDonald’s outlet.Hamburger University in Illinois Chicago has graduated more than 70,000 managers who leads and manage the operation of McDonald’s outlet in the standard push upon them. Culture of training also prevails at McDonalds with over 32 hours of training for all new employees to ensure they understand the requirement and aspiration of McDonalds for continuation of best fast food restaurant service provider to the customers. McDonalds keen to train its own people and mission to be the best talent developer of people with the most committed individuals to Quality Service, Cleanliness and Value (QSC&V) in the world.Task 3 McDonald’s Pestle Analysis McDonald’s is comprised of more than 30,000 local restaurants and serves 52 million people in more than 100 countries each day. The company is the largest food retailer in the world and is part of the current way of life. In order to remain competitive and an iconic, McDonald’s has developed programs and strategies for organizational behavior in its market environment. As a result, McDonald’s presented an excellent opportunity to observe external macro environment which called Pestle. Pestle stands for political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors.POLITICAL FACTOR The international operations of McDonald’s are highly influenced by the individual country’s policies enforced by each government. For instance, there are certain groups in Malaysia, Europe and the United States that take actions pertaining to the health implications of eating fast food. They have indicated that harmful elements like cholesterol and adverse effects like obesity are attributable to consuming fast food products. On the other hand, the company is controlled by the individual policies and regulations of operations.Specific markets focus on different areas of concern such as that of health, worker protection, and environment. All these elements are seen in the government control of the licensing of the restaurants in the respective states of the country. For instance, there is an impending legal dispute in the McDonald’s franchise in Malaysia where certain infringement of rights and violation of religious laws pertaining to the contents of the food. There are also other studies those points to the infringement of McDonald’s Stores with reference to the existing employment laws in the target market.Like an y business venture, these McDonald’s stores have to contend with the issues of employment procedures as well as their tax obligations so as to succeed in the foreign market like Malaysia. Since it is apparent that the company is expanding continuously, it is wise to deal directly with the proper authorities in the respective markets that they intend to operate in. This way, the company can adopt a good way of establishing good relationship with the government. It is advisable that the company rests on the good graces of the government on which they will be penetrating.To do this, all they have to do is accomplish all the prescribed acts and satisfy all the prerequisites for doing business. The company must also be acquainted with the law in order to know what their responsibilities and their possible liabilities. Also McDonalds should protect its workers by ensuring all the hiring, compensation, training or repatriation in accordance to the labour laws. ECONOMICAL FACTOR Orga nizations in the fast food industry are not excused from any disputes and troubles. Specifically, they do have their individual concerns involving economic factors.Branches and franchises of McDonald’s have the tendency to experience hardship in instances where the economies of the respective countries are hit by inflation and changes in the exchange rates. The customers consequently are faced with a stalemate of going over their individual budgets whether or not they should use up more on these foreign fast food chains like McDonalds. Hence, these chains may have to put up with the issues of the effects of the economic environment. Particularly, their problem depends on the response of the consumers on these fundamentals and how it could influence their general sales.In regarding the operations of the company, McDonald’s tend to import much of their raw materials into a specific country’s territories if there is a dearth of supply. Exchange rate fluctuations wi ll also play a significant role in the operations of the company. The company’s international supply as well as the existing exchange rates is merely a part of the overall components needed to guarantee success for the foreign operations of McDonald’s. Moreover, it is imperative that the company be cognizant of the existing tax requirements needed by the individual governments on which they operate.This basically ensures the smooth operations of the McDonald’s franchises. In the same regard, the company will also have to consider the economic standing of the country on which they operate on. The rate at which the economy of that particular country grows determines the purchasing power of the consumers in that country. Hence, if a franchise operates in a particularly economically weak country, their products shall cost higher than the other existing products in the market, then these franchises must take on certain adjustments to maintain the economies of scale.I deally before penetrating the market, the company must carry out a well conducted market research, especially in the movements in the economic environment which McDonalds had done before entering the global market due to which the company has been able to bear the frequency of the shifts in the inflation rate as well as the fluctuations in the exchange rates which affects the operations of any company. SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS Articles on the international strategies of McDonald’s seem to function on several fields to guarantee lucrative returns for the organization.To illustrate, the organization improves on establishing a positive mind-set from their core consumers. McDonald’s indulge a particular variety of consumers with definite types of personalities. It has also been noted that the company have given the markets such as the United Kingdom and Malaysia, an option with regards to their dining needs. McDonald’s has launched a sensibly valued set of food that t enders a reliable level of quality for the respective market where it operates.Additionally, those who are aged just below the bracket of thirty-five are said to be the most frequent consumers of McDonald’s franchises. The multifaceted character of business nowadays is reflected in the harsh significance of the information on the subject of the existing market. This procedure is essentially identified in the field as market research. Information with regards to the appeal and potential fields of the market would double as obstructions to the success of the company if this area of the operations is neglected.In the case of McDonald’s they establish a good system in determining the needs of the market. The company uses concepts of consumer behavior product personality and purchasing decisions to its advantage which is clearly evident in case of Malaysia as the company was quick in removing their Pork products from Malaysia’s menu. It is said to have a major influe nce on the understanding of the prospective performance of the organization in a particular market. McDonalds should obtain the relevant information from the target market in addition to the individual customers of the organization.It is imperative that before a franchise is granted to a particular market, a well drafted and comprehensive market research should be conducted initially so as to establish the acts that would conform to good customs, public policies, and morals of the said Country’s society. Similarly, the company should find out the shifts in areas like the consumer behavior and purchasing patterns of the market. Fundamentally, this is the key condition for executing a suitable customer relationship management system.Also the company should constantly survey and learn about local culture to better understand and design the best product for them. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS McDonald’s generates a demand for its own products. The company’s key tool for mar keting is by means of Online Facebook and Google ads, Collaboration with these websites to promote sales in India, television advertisements, banners and hoardings. There are similarly some claims that McDonald’s are inclined to interest the younger populations more. Other demonstration of such a marketing strategy is apparent in the commercials they use.They employ animated depictions of their characters like Grimace, Ronald and Ham burglar. Other advertising operations employ popular celebrities to promote their products. The ‘like’ has become endorsers for McDonald’s worldwide â€Å"I’m loving it† campaign. Moreover, the operations of McDonald’s have significantly been infused with new technology. Elements like the inventory system and the management of the value chain of the company allows for easy payments for their suppliers and other vendors which the individual stores in respective markets deal with.The integration of technolog y in the operations of McDonalds tends to add value to their products. Basically, this is manifested in the improvements on its value chain. The improvement of the inventory system as well as its supply chain allows the company to operate in an international context McDonalds use the internet to their advantage. The cost-effectiveness, interactivity and real- time effects of the communications are a good way to find suppliers. It is also a good way to correspond with the respective McDonald’s headquarters in every Country.The company must also look into the use of IT to enhance their inventory operations. As the operations in its inbound and outbound logistics improve, the company will expect significant savings and reduction of costs in the operations. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS The social responsibilities of McDonald’s on the country are influential to the operations of the company. These involve accusations of environmental damage. Among the reasons why they are charged with such claims is the employ of non-biodegradable substances for their drinks glasses and Styrofoam coffers for the meals.Several civic groups in Malaysia have made actions to make the McDonald’s franchises in Malaysia aware of the rather abundant use of Styrofoam containers and the resultant abuse of the environment. The company should find out the environmental regime that governs the operations in every market. It should also monitor the waste disposal of the company. McDonald’s should minimize the use of Styrofoam materials and plastic cups. Constant updating of the social corporate responsibility is imperative and implements â€Å"Go Green†.This should also entail that the headquarters should take in hand, a manner of internal control of those that would infringe upon this company objective. LEGAL FACTORS There has been the recurrent bellowing in opposition to the fast food industry. This has similarly made McDonald’s apply a more careful considera tion on their corporate social responsibilities. On the whole, this addressed the need of the company to form its corporate reputation to a more positive one and a more socially responsible company. The reputation of McDonald’s is apparently a huge matter.Seen on the website of the company, it seems that they have acquired strides to take in hand the key social censures that they have been berating them in the past decades. The company has provided their customers the relevant data that they need with reference to the nutritional substances of their products. This is to attend to the arguments of obesity charged against the products of the company. In the same way, the consumers provided freedom in choosing whether or not they want to purchase their meals. This is tied up with the socio-cultural attributes of the market on which they operate.For instance, operations in predominantly Muslim countries require their meat to conform to the Halal requirements of the law. In the sa me regard, those that operate in countries in the European Union should conform to the existing laws banning the use of genetically modified meat products in their food. This was prime reason which forced McDonalds to eliminate beef, pork and Mutton out of India’s product menu. Other legal concepts like tax obligations, employment standards, and quality requirements are only a few of important elements on which the company has to take into consideration.Otherwise, smooth operations shall be hard to achieve. As a certified fast food operator, there are many regulations and procedures that McDonalds should follow. McDonalds should protect its integrity and consumer confidence by ensuring all materials and process are as claimed or must followed. Other legal requirement that the business owner should follow as stipulated in laws are such as operating hours, business registration, tax requirement, labour and employment laws and quality & environment certification (such as ISO) in which the outlet has been certified.The legal requirement is important because the offenders will be fined or have their business prohibited from operating which can be disastrous. The company should hire local counsels to deal with the legal conflicts in individual markets on which the company may encounter. This shall ensure the company that the lawyers that will handle their legal affairs are more versed with the legal regime that would ease out certain problems on their operations. Task 4 Impact of European Union’s Policies on McDonald The European Union (EU) is a unification of  27 member states united to create a political and economic community throughout Europe.Though the idea of the EU might sound simple at the outset, the European Union has a rich history and a unique organization, both of which aid in its current success and its ability to fulfill its mission for the 21st Century. The European Union Policies have an impact on McDonald’s market environment . Economic and Financial Affairs (ECOFIN) Cooperation on economic and political matters is based on several forms of cooperation procedures. A fundamental principle when coordinating their economic policies is that Member States are responsible for their national economic policy.As a result of the crisis, Member States have strengthened the coordination of economic policy. However, Member States continue to place strong emphasis on national sovereignty in economic matters while adhering to common rules. McDonalds Cooperation is registered under (ECOFIN) and has to seek for consultation or in co-decision with the European Council every year. Although each EU Member State is responsible for determining its own tax policy, the EU still cooperates on relevant aspects of taxation. This applies especially to policies which affect international trade and trade among the Member States.The Member States therefore cooperate on certain aspects of taxation with cross-border effects. For instanc e, McDonalds have differentiated taxation rate in various country based on the country exchange rate. Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs (EPSCO) From the very beginning, the free movement for workers has  been one of the basic rights within the European Community and this was the focal point of the first social and employment policy of the EU. The McDonald normally makes decisions in co-decision with the European Council.This procedure applies for instance when the Council passes legislation about the working environment, conditions at work, and the free movement of workers of McDonalds. The EU has the mandate to compliment McDonald’s initiatives in the area of health for the purpose of protecting people from health threats and diseases, promoting healthy lifestyles and helping national authorities in the EU to cooperate on health issues. This is especially relevant when it comes to burgers of McDonalds which is high in cholesterol and may lead to heart disease.Therefore, McDonalds have to modify the ingredient of the burgers. Competitiveness (COMPET) The McDonalds has to follow with industrial policy since the establishment of the EU. A milestone in the EU industrial policy is the establishment of the Single Market, which created a large home market for industry providing businesses with the opportunity to mass produce and profit from large-scale operation like McDonalds. Today, industrial policy is subject to the co-decision procedure, meaning that Competitiveness in business is legalistic. For an example, Burger King is legal competitor for McDonalds.The European research and innovation cooperation and the close connection between research, innovation and education play a decisive role in securing future growth. Therefore, the EU gives high priority to this area and allocates considerable funds annually to finance the McDonalds research programmer. Agriculture and Fisheries (AGRI) Through the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) the EU wants to ensure an economically viable agricultural sector that produces safe, high-quality food based on environmentally sustainable production. Moreover, the CAP contributes to ensuring good business and living conditions in rural areas.By requiring farmers to deliver public goods in return for the financial support, the Common Agricultural Policy is to ensure that beneficiaries deliver public goods on a range of relevant aspects, such as an improved environment and climate, innovation, technology and food quality of McDonalds. EU consumers should be confident that the foods on the market are healthy, safe, of high quality and produced with respect for animal welfare. Improvements of food safety levels in the EU through the harmonization of standards will be of high importance of McDonalds.EU countries have adopted common rules for McDonald’s hygiene and self-monitoring and common rules for authorities’ monitoring of the food industry. An EU inspectorate also mon itors whether the McDonalds implement food legislation correctly. Task 5 Global Factors That Affect McDonalds Businesses are affected by an external environment as much as they are affected by the competitors. Global factors influencing business are legal, political, social, technological and economic. Understanding of these factors is important while developing a business strategy. Social factorsThese factors are related to changes in social structures. These factors provide insights into behavior, tastes, and lifestyles patterns of a population. Buying patterns are greatly influenced by the changes in the structure of the population, and in consumer lifestyles. Age, gender, etc. all determine the buying patterns and understanding of such changes is critical for developing strategies which are in line with the market situations. In a global environment it is important that McDonald’s business strategies are designed keeping in mind the social and cultural differences that va ry from country to country.Consumer religion, language, lifestyle patterns are all important information for successful business management. Legal factors These factors that influence McDonalds business strategies are related to changes in government laws and regulations. For a successful business operation it is important that the businesses consider the legal issues involved in a particular situation and should have the capability to anticipate ways in which changes in laws will affect the way they must behave. Laws keep changing over a period of time.From the point of view of business it is important that they are aware of these changes in the areas of consumer protection legislation, environmental legislation, health & safety and employment law, etc. Economic factors These factors involve changes in the global economy. A rise in living standards would ultimately imply an increase in demand for products thereby, providing greater opportunities for McDonald to make profits. An eco nomy witnesses fluctuations in economic activities. This would imply that in case of a rise in economic activity the demand of the product will increase and hence the price will increase.In case of reduction in demand the prices will go down. Business strategies should be developed keeping in mind these fluctuations. Other economic changes that affect business include changes in the interest rate, wage rates, and the rate of inflation. In case of low interest rates and increase in demand McDonald will be encouraged to expand and take risks. Therefore, business strategies should have room for such fluctuations. Political factors This refers to the changes in government and government policies. Political factors greatly influence the operation of McDonald. This has gained significant importance off late.For example: McDonalds is operated in the European Union have to adopt directives and regulations created by the EU. The political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of bus inesses, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. Business must consider the stability of the political environment, government’s policy on the economy. Technological factors These factors greatly influence McDonald’s strategies as they provide opportunities for businesses to adopt new innovations, and inventions. This helps the McDonalds to reduce costs and develop new products.With the advent of modern communication technologies, technological factors have gained great impetus in the business arena. Huge volumes of information can be securely shared by means of databases thereby enabling vast cost reductions, and improvements in service. Organizations need to consider the latest relevant technological advancements for their business and to stay competitive. Technology helps business to gain competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalization. While designing the business strategies firms must consider if use of technology will allow the fir m to manufacture products and services at a lower cost.Firms can select new modes of distributions with the help of technology. It has become easier for companies to communicate with their customer in any part of the world. Conclusion From the beginning in 1948 as a fast food restaurant in Southern California, McDonalds grew by the end of the twentieth century into the world’s largest food service organization, having served up more than 100 billion hamburgers in half a century of operation. In conclusion, McDonalds are executing all these customers’ service improvement programs to constantly portraying itself as a friendly, healthy and quality food provider to customers.McDonalds is trying to build long-term relationship with customers to ensure the retention rate in the market where competition is tough between all the fast food restaurant operators. The purpose of this paper work is to analyze McDonald’s with its competitor; Burger King, internal microenviron ment, Pestle analyze, impact of EU Policies and global factors on McDonalds. Hereby, I strongly believe that I have reached your expectation on this case study. References McDonald (2012). A short history of McDonald. Available from: http://www. articlesbase. com/a-short-histoty-of-mcdonalds03920. tml [Accessed on 20/2/13] Frank Newman (2009). Burger King: A short Story. Available from: http://www. 21e5-11e4-dsas3-00134fascesds04. html. [Accessed on 20/2/13] Edita Novana (2003). McDonald’s Cooperation Analyze. Available from: http://www. mcdonalds. com-analyze-cooperate-profile-corp. [Accessed on 22/03/12] Edward Dean (2009). European Union Policies. Available from: http://www. ec. europa. eu/policies/index-en. html. [Accessed on 26/2/13] Anita Cameron (2011). Global Issues that affect Business. Available from: http://www. enziarticales. com/? Global-Issues-That-Affect-Business. html. [Accessed on 28/2/13]